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Formation of Intermediate Filaments

Intermediate filaments are cytoskeletal proteins with higher tensile strength and flexibility than microfilaments and microtubules. Unlike the other two cytoskeletal proteins, intermediate filament formation lacks the enzymatic activity to hydrolyze nucleotides like ATP and GTP to generate energy for polymerization. Therefore, the formation of intermediate filaments is multistep self-assembly. The involvement of any accessory proteins in intermediate filament formation has not yet been reported.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
09:32

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Published on: April 12, 2019

DNA gridiron nanostructures based on four-arm junctions.

Dongran Han1, Suchetan Pal, Yang Yang

  • 1The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. dongran.han@asu.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers engineered complex DNA nanostructures using a novel design strategy. This method creates versatile DNA gridirons for advanced nanotechnology applications.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

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Published on: April 12, 2019

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Published on: May 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Engineering
  • Biomolecular Self-Assembly

Background:

  • Engineering complex nanoscale architectures is a significant challenge in nanotechnology.
  • DNA nanotechnology offers a promising platform for creating precise molecular structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a design strategy for constructing gridiron-like DNA structures.
  • To explore the assembly of reconfigurable 2D, multilayer, 3D, and curved DNA architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing four-arm DNA junctions as vertices in a network of double-helical DNA fragments.
  • Employing deliberate distortion of DNA junctions to enable scaffold strand traversal in multiple directions.
  • Assembling DNA gridirons with varying complexity and dimensionality.

Main Results:

  • Successful assembly of gridiron-like DNA structures.
  • Demonstration of reconfigurable two-dimensional DNA arrays.
  • Creation of multilayer, three-dimensional, and curved DNA objects.

Conclusions:

  • The presented design strategy enables the creation of complex, gridiron-like DNA architectures.
  • This approach offers versatility for building diverse nanoscale scaffolds.
  • The DNA gridiron structures have potential applications in advanced nanotechnology.