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Related Concept Videos

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Impact Loading01:19

Impact Loading

Impact loading occurs when a moving object collides with a stationary structure, such as a rod with a uniform cross-sectional area fixed at one end. Under these conditions, the rod absorbs the kinetic energy from the striking object, leading to deformation and subsequent stress development. As the rod returns to its original position and reaches maximum stress, the absorbed energy, initially manifested as kinetic energy, transforms entirely into strain energy.
In cases of elastic deformation,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice
06:00

Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice

Published on: May 24, 2024

Modelling human eye under blast loading.

L Esposito1, C Clemente, N Bonora

  • 1a Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering , University of Cassino , Via G. Di Biasio 43, Cassino 03043 , Italy.

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering
|March 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary blast injury (PBI) can harm the eye. A computational model revealed how blast waves and the eye socket

Keywords:
ocular injuriesorbital cavityshock loadingstanding waves

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Primary blast injury (PBI) results from blast wave-body interaction.
  • Ocular PBI is rare but documented, often without secondary debris injury.
  • Understanding PBI mechanisms in the eye is crucial for injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate primary blast injury (PBI) to the human eye.
  • To model the eye's response to blast wave loading.
  • To analyze pressure dynamics within the eye and orbit.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a finite element model of the human eye.
  • Calibrated material parameters using experimental eye impact data.
  • Simulated blast waves using varying explosive masses and distances.

Main Results:

  • Modeled the behavior of the human eye under PBI conditions.
  • Analyzed pressure wave propagation, reflection, and resonance within the orbit.
  • Identified the orbit's geometry as a potential resonance cavity.

Conclusions:

  • The human eye is vulnerable to primary blast injury.
  • Orbital geometry can amplify blast wave pressure, creating harmful standing waves.
  • Computational modeling provides insights into ocular blast injury mechanisms.