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D J Dunning1, B W J McNeil, N R Thompson

  • 1ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory and Cockcroft Institute, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom. david.dunning@stfc.ac.uk

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|March 26, 2013
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Summary

Researchers developed a new method to generate ultra-short x-ray pulses using a free-electron laser (FEL) afterburner. This technique produces 700-zeptosecond pulses, enabling advanced research in atomic and nuclear dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Laser Science

Background:

  • Free-electron lasers (FELs) are powerful tools for generating coherent radiation.
  • Current FEL technology has limitations in producing ultra-short pulse durations.
  • Investigating methods to shorten pulse durations is crucial for advanced scientific research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and simulate a novel method for generating few-cycle x-ray pulses.
  • To achieve pulse durations significantly shorter than current FEL capabilities.
  • To enhance research opportunities in ultrafast atomic and nuclear dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a compact
  • afterburner
  • extension with multiple undulator sections and chicane delays.
  • Employing advanced simulations to model the generation of few-cycle x-ray pulses.
  • Operating within the hard x-ray regime (wavelength ~0.1 nm, photon energy ~10 keV).

Main Results:

  • Achieved root mean square pulse durations of approximately 700 zeptoseconds (zs).
  • Obtained peak powers approaching gigawatt (GW) levels, near FEL saturation.
  • Demonstrated a discretely multichromatic spectrum with a bandwidth envelope increased by two orders of magnitude compared to unseeded FELs.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed afterburner method enables the generation of unprecedentedly short x-ray pulses.
  • This advancement significantly expands research capabilities in ultrafast atomic and nuclear dynamics.
  • The technique offers a pathway to push the boundaries of scientific exploration in attosecond science.