Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:

Understanding Sleep

Understanding Sleep

Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares often...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Diurnal Variations and Test-Retest Reliability of Resting-State Functional MRI Metrics.

Human brain mapping·2026

Same author

Proximity measurements for objective assessments of crew cohesion in an antarctic space analog environment.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same author

Sleepiness and attention in sleep-clinic patients and their associations with apnea severity and treatment.

Sleep·2026

Same author

The efficacy of pink noise and earplugs for mitigating sleep disruption induced by different environmental noise sources.

Sleep health·2026

Same author

Association of Stress and Neighborhood Social Context With Actigraphy-Measured and Self-Reported Adolescent Sleep Outcomes.

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine·2026

Same author

Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health: updated evidence and future directions.

Environmental research·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Published on: October 11, 2018

Sleep deprivation and neurobehavioral dynamics.

Mathias Basner¹, Hengyi Rao, Namni Goel

¹Unit of Experimental Psychiatry, Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

|March 26, 2013

Summary

Sleep deprivation, whether acute or chronic, impairs brain functions like attention and memory. Recovery from chronic sleep loss may take longer due to lasting brain changes.

More Related Videos

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Published on: September 22, 2023

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Published on: October 11, 2018

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Published on: September 22, 2023

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Sleep Science
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Sleep deprivation is prevalent, negatively impacting neurobehavioral functions.
Existing research highlights differing CNS responses to acute versus chronic sleep restriction.
New models of sleep-wake regulation are emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the neurobiological underpinnings of sleep deprivation.
To differentiate the effects of acute versus chronic sleep restriction on the central nervous system.
To investigate the potential for trait-like differences in sleep deprivation response.

Main Methods:

Analysis of neurobehavioral functions affected by sleep loss.
Examination of brain metabolism and neural activation patterns.
Review of existing models of sleep-wake regulation.

Main Results:

Both acute and chronic sleep deprivation degrade arousal, attention, memory, and state stability.
Chronic sleep restriction may cause long-term neuromodulatory brain changes.
Individual differences in neurobehavioral responses to sleep loss suggest phenotypic and possibly genetic factors.

Conclusions:

Recovery from chronic sleep restriction may necessitate extended periods.
Understanding these differences is crucial for developing effective sleep interventions.
Sleep deprivation impacts distributed neural networks and connectivity.