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Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
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Perinatal immunization education improves immunization rates and knowledge: a randomized controlled trial.

Aya Saitoh1, Satoko Nagata, Akihiko Saitoh

  • 1Department of Community Health Nursing, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan. aya-saitoh@umin.ac.jp

Preventive Medicine
|March 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Perinatal immunization education significantly improved infant immunization rates and mothers' knowledge and vaccination intentions in Japan. This intervention is crucial for enhancing child health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Immunization education is limited in Japan, potentially impacting infant vaccination rates.
  • Perinatal period offers a critical window for maternal health education.
  • Maternal knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs significantly influence childhood immunization decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of perinatal immunization education on infant immunization status.
  • To assess changes in mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding infant immunization.
  • To determine the effect of education on mothers' intent to vaccinate their children in Japan.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving pregnant women in Tokyo, Japan, with intervention (prenatal or postnatal education) and control groups.
  • Assessment of infant immunization status and a written survey administered pre- and post-intervention.
  • Statistical analysis to compare immunization rates, knowledge scores, and vaccination intentions between groups.

Main Results:

  • Infants in the intervention groups showed significantly higher immunization rates at three months compared to the control group (34.3% vs. 8.3%).
  • Mothers in intervention groups reported higher intent to vaccinate their infants (61.4% vs. 33.3%).
  • Improved knowledge scores were observed in intervention groups, especially the prenatal group.

Conclusions:

  • Perinatal immunization education effectively enhances infant immunization status.
  • The education program positively influences mothers' knowledge and their intention to vaccinate.
  • Targeted perinatal education is a valuable strategy to improve childhood immunization coverage.