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From Mice to Men: research models of developmental programming.

C Rabadán-Diehl¹, P Nathanielsz²

¹1 Office of Global Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

|March 26, 2013

Summary

Developmental programming, triggered by early-life challenges, can permanently alter offspring health, increasing risks for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Understanding these effects across species is key to improving future health.

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Area of Science:

Comparative physiology
Developmental biology
Maternal-fetal medicine

Background:

Developmental programming links early-life exposures to long-term health outcomes.
Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are major global health burdens.
Lifestyle factors and developmental programming contribute to disease epidemics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review challenges, mechanisms, and outcomes of developmental programming.
To explore species-specific differences in developmental programming principles.
To highlight the potential of comparative physiology in improving lifetime health.

Main Methods:

Review of recent research on developmental programming.
Comparative analysis of developmental programming across species, including humans.
Integration of molecular biology advances with systems physiology.

Main Results:

Developmental programming involves critical developmental windows with persistent phenotypic effects.
Species-specific variations in developmental programming principles exist.
Early-life programming influences predisposition to obesity, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

Understanding developmental programming is crucial for addressing metabolic disease epidemics.
Comparative systems physiology offers insights into maternal, fetal, and neonatal health.
Improved understanding can lead to better women's health, diagnostics, and interventions for lifelong health.