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Updated: May 13, 2026

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes
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Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

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Using eye movements to explore switch costs in working memory.

Craig Hedge1, Ute Leonards

  • 1School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. craig.hedge@bristol.ac.uk

Journal of Vision
|March 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Updating object locations in working memory (WM) is faster for repeated objects. This study used eye tracking to show that internal attention shifts, not just object repetition, drive these working memory (WM) costs.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Attention Studies

Background:

  • Updating object locations in working memory (WM) exhibits repetition benefits, where repeated object updates are faster than switching to new objects.
  • This phenomenon is often explained by internal attention shifts, analogous to perceptual attention priming, but direct evidence is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly investigate the attentional mechanisms underlying object-switch costs in spatial working memory (WM).
  • To utilize eye-tracking technology and established perceptual attention models to dissect WM update processes.

Main Methods:

  • Employing eye tracking to monitor participants' overt attention during spatial working memory tasks.
  • Analyzing eye-movement data, including initial saccade targets, fixation durations, and dwell times, in relation to object update conditions (repeat vs. switch).

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes
09:27

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes

Published on: January 19, 2024

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

Main Results:

  • Overt attention was initially drawn to previously updated object locations, even when a different object was cued.
  • Longer fixation durations were observed during eye movements between locations of different objects compared to same-object locations.
  • Increased dwell times at target locations preceded responses for switch updates, suggesting heightened uncertainty.

Conclusions:

  • Switch costs in spatial WM are influenced by multiple attentional processes, including initial attention capture and disengagement/reorientation.
  • Findings support attention models proposing competitive activation within an attention map for target objects.
  • Eye-tracking provides direct insights into the dynamic interplay of attention and working memory updating.