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Exercise training for blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Veronique A Cornelissen1, Neil A Smart
1Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Journal of the American Heart Association
|March 26, 2013
Summary
Different exercise types effectively lower blood pressure (BP). Endurance, dynamic resistance, and isometric resistance training reduce both systolic and diastolic BP, while combined training impacts only diastolic BP.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Cardiovascular health
- Sports medicine
Background:
- Resting blood pressure (BP) is a critical health indicator.
- Various exercise modalities are proposed to influence BP.
- Identifying optimal training for BP management is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct meta-analyses on the effects of different exercise types on resting blood pressure.
- To quantify and compare the impact of endurance, dynamic resistance, combined, and isometric resistance training on BP.
- To identify specific subgroups that benefit most from different training methods.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Inclusion criteria: studies on adults (≥18 years) published up to February 2012, lasting ≥4 weeks.
- Analysis of 93 trials involving 5223 participants across four training types.
Main Results:
- Endurance, dynamic resistance, and isometric resistance training significantly reduced systolic BP (SBP).
- All training types, except combined, reduced diastolic BP (DBP).
- Isometric resistance training showed the greatest SBP reduction; endurance training yielded larger BP reductions in hypertensive individuals.
Conclusions:
- Endurance, dynamic resistance, and isometric resistance training are effective in lowering both SBP and DBP.
- Combined training primarily impacts DBP.
- Isometric resistance training demonstrates potential for significant SBP reduction, warranting further investigation.
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Physiological Factors: