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Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

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Identity disturbance in distant patients.

Irwin Hoffman¹

¹irwinhoffman@la.twcbc.com

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association

|March 26, 2013

Summary

Emotionally isolated patients often struggle with identity disturbance due to narcissistic resistances. Analyzing these resistances helps clarify identity, leading to a more vital sense of self.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Psychoanalysis

Background:

Patients with chronic emotional distance often exhibit identity disturbance.
Early mother-child libidinal dynamics significantly shape narcissism and the developing sense of self.
Identity provides self-definition, answering the fundamental question: Who am I?

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of narcissistic resistances in hindering the analysis of primitive dependency needs.
To examine how these resistances contribute to anxieties about separateness and inner stability.
To illustrate how clarifying identity elements can foster a more embodied sense of individuality.

Main Methods:

Psychoanalytic treatment focusing on narcissistic resistances.
Analysis of unconscious fantasies of dependence and functionality.

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Exploration of anxieties related to intrusion and loss of separateness.

Main Results:

Narcissistic resistances create a false sense of security, diverting attention from core dependency issues.
Patients' avoidance of dependency material forms a tacit contract to resist examining inner instability.
Clarification of identity elements aids in organizing therapeutic material and understanding the self.

Conclusions:

Addressing narcissistic resistances is crucial for uncovering and processing primitive dependency needs.
Improved understanding of identity can lead to a more integrated and vital sense of self.
Psychoanalytic exploration of these dynamics facilitates a more embodied individual experience.