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Modelling trihalomethanes formation in water supply systems
Cristiana Di Cristo1, Giovanni Esposito, Angelo Leopardi
1University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Cassino, Italy.
This study evaluates models for predicting trihalomethane (THM) formation in drinking water. Empirical models developed from field data proved most effective for real-world water supply systems.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Water Treatment
- Public Health
Background:
- Chlorination is a common drinking water disinfectant.
- Chlorination can produce harmful disinfection by-products like trihalomethanes (THMs).
- Regulations limit THM levels due to health risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the reliability of various THM formation models in real-world conditions.
- To identify the most suitable models for predicting THM levels in water distribution networks.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 18 empirical models from existing literature.
- Applied selected models to the Aurunci-Valcanneto Water Supply System in Italy.
- Compared model predictions with measured data and a kinetic model.
Main Results:
- Empirical models derived from field data showed superior performance.
- The best-performing model was specifically developed using field data.
- A simple first-order kinetic model also provided valuable insights when calibrated.
Conclusions:
- Field-data-driven empirical models are crucial for accurate THM prediction in water systems.
- Model selection significantly impacts the reliability of THM formation assessments.
- Further research can refine kinetic models for enhanced water quality management.
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