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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice
10:30

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Published on: January 25, 2017

IL-22 in tissue-protective therapy.

Heiko Mühl1, Patrick Scheiermann, Malte Bachmann

  • 1pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. h.muehl@em.uni-frankfurt.de

British Journal of Pharmacology
|March 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) shows promise for treating acute epithelial injuries by promoting tissue repair. However, its potential for tumor growth and autoimmune inflammation requires careful consideration for long-term use.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine within the IL-10 family, recognized for its protective role in epithelial injury models.
  • IL-22 signals through the STAT3 pathway, similar to IL-10, and acts as a messenger between immune and epithelial cells.
  • Leukocytes produce IL-22, which primarily targets epithelial cells, suggesting a specialized communication role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the therapeutic potential of IL-22 in tissue protection and regeneration.
  • To discuss the limitations and risks associated with IL-22 administration, including tumorigenesis and autoimmune effects.
  • To evaluate the prospects and restrictions of using IL-22 in treating acute epithelial diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies on IL-22 in various murine disease models.
  • Analysis of IL-22's biological properties, including anti-apoptotic, pro-proliferative, and pro-regenerative effects.
  • Examination of the IL-22/STAT3 signaling pathway and its implications.

Main Results:

  • IL-22 administration demonstrated tissue protection and regeneration in models of infection, lung injury, pancreatitis, and liver damage.
  • Recombinant IL-22 was well-tolerated in preclinical settings for acute conditions.
  • The IL-22/STAT3 axis presents potential risks, including tumor promotion and exacerbation of autoimmune inflammation with prolonged use.

Conclusions:

  • Preclinical data support the therapeutic use of IL-22 for acute epithelial tissue diseases.
  • Long-term IL-22 administration is limited by its potential tumorigenic effects.
  • IL-22's context-specific ability to modulate autoimmune inflammation requires further investigation.