Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The relationship between spectral signals and retinal sensitivity in dendrobatid frogs.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Tuned in to communication sounds: Neuronal sensitivity in the túngara frog midbrain to frequency modulated signals.

PloS one·2022
Same author

Biochemical and Hematologic Reference Intervals for Anesthetized, Female, Juvenile Yorkshire Swine.

Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS·2021
Same author

Estrogenic Modulation of Retinal Sensitivity in Reproductive Female Túngara Frogs.

Integrative and comparative biology·2021
Same author

Direct Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides to the Middle and Inner Ear Improves Hearing and Balance in Usher Mice.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2020
Same author

Reproductive State Modulates Retinal Sensitivity to Light in Female Túngara Frogs.

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience·2020
Same journal

Therapeutic potential of crude protein extracts from two Egyptian freshwater snails Lanistes carinatus and Bellamya unicolor.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Microbial contamination of donor corneas and post-keratoplasty endophthalmitis: a comparison between Japanese and U.S. eye banks using cold storage.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Prevalence and contributing factors of virological non-suppression among adult patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy in tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

An in vitro comparison of color stability between alkasite and different restorative materials in various staining solutions.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Toward accessible mRNA LNP formulation: systematic evaluation of mixing strategies and key parameters.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

A network analysis of personality traits, mentalizing, and psychological health in Chinese college students.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

In Vivo Visualization of Spontaneous Activity in Neonatal Mouse Sensory Cortex at a Single-Neuron Resolution
06:18

In Vivo Visualization of Spontaneous Activity in Neonatal Mouse Sensory Cortex at a Single-Neuron Resolution

Published on: November 21, 2023

Global hyper-synchronous spontaneous activity in the developing optic tectum.

Kazuo Imaizumi1, Jonathan Y Shih, Hamilton E Farris

  • 1Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. kazuo1@lsu.edu

Scientific Reports
|March 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous neural activity in Xenopus tadpole optic tectum shows rhythmic patterns dependent on visual experience. Multisensory input is crucial for maintaining this patterned activity, unlike in mammals.

More Related Videos

Preparations and Protocols for Whole Cell Patch Clamp Recording of Xenopus laevis Tectal Neurons
05:25

Preparations and Protocols for Whole Cell Patch Clamp Recording of Xenopus laevis Tectal Neurons

Published on: March 15, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

In Vivo Visualization of Spontaneous Activity in Neonatal Mouse Sensory Cortex at a Single-Neuron Resolution
06:18

In Vivo Visualization of Spontaneous Activity in Neonatal Mouse Sensory Cortex at a Single-Neuron Resolution

Published on: November 21, 2023

Preparations and Protocols for Whole Cell Patch Clamp Recording of Xenopus laevis Tectal Neurons
05:25

Preparations and Protocols for Whole Cell Patch Clamp Recording of Xenopus laevis Tectal Neurons

Published on: March 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Sensory Systems

Background:

  • Understanding the emergence of neural circuit organization is key.
  • Spontaneous neural activity plays a critical role in circuit development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of spontaneous activity in the Xenopus tadpole optic tectum.
  • To determine the influence of visual experience and developmental stage on neural spontaneous activity.
  • To elucidate the sources of patterned spontaneous activity by manipulating sensory input.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo two-photon calcium imaging in Xenopus tadpoles.
  • Systematic removal of visual and mechanosensory system inputs to the optic tectum.

Main Results:

  • Observed rhythmic, global synchronous spontaneous activity in neurons, dependent on visual experience and developmental stage.
  • Found that non-neuronal cell activity exhibited more localized synchronous patterns.
  • Removing either visual or mechanosensory input alone had minimal impact, but removing both drastically altered patterned activity.

Conclusions:

  • Patterned spontaneous activity in the optic tectum is intrinsically generated.
  • Multisensory input is essential for maintaining intrinsically generated spontaneous activity.
  • The amphibian midbrain's spontaneous activity regulation differs from the mammalian visual system's reliance on retinal waves.