Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish workforce
Maj Britt D Nielsen1, Ida E H Madsen, Ute Bültmann
1National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. mbn@nrcwe.dk
Objective:
To examine whether effort-reward imbalance (ERI) at work predicts onset of register-based long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in a representative sample of the Danish workforce.
Methods:
We measured effort, reward, ERI, and covariates with self-administered questionnaires in a sample of 4775 employees. LTSA during 12-months of follow-up was assessed with a national register. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with Cox proportional hazard models.
Results:
The HR of LTSA for a one-SD increase in ERI was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.15) in the most-adjusted model. For effort, the HR for a one-SD increase was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.85-1.06) and for reward the HR for a one-SD decrease was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.03-1.26).
Conclusions:
ERI was not associated with onset of LTSA. Low reward, however, predicted LTSA.
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