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Updated: May 12, 2026

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
Published on: October 4, 2021
Gender differences in cholinergic and dopaminergic deficits in Parkinson disease
Vikas Kotagal1, Roger L Albin, Martijn L T M Müller
1Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 2301 Commonwealth Blvd, Suite 1013, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA, vikaskot@med.umich.edu.
Abstract:
As Parkinson disease (PD) may affect men and women differentially, we investigated gender differences in regional projection system integrity in 148 PD subjects (36 women, 112 men) using monoaminergic [11C]dihydrotetrabenazine and acetylcholinesterase [11C]PMP positron emission tomography. After controlling for age, disease duration, and Hoehn and Yahr score, men showed 5.9% greater caudate dopaminergic denervation (p = 0.0018) and 5.8% greater neocortical cholinergic denervation (p = 0.0097). No significant gender differences were seen in putaminal dopaminergic or thalamic cholinergic denervation.
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