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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
Mass Spectrometry: Molecular Fragmentation Overview01:20

Mass Spectrometry: Molecular Fragmentation Overview

The ionization of a molecule into a molecular ion inside the mass spectrometer causes instability in the molecule's structure due to the loss of an electron. This eventually leads to the fragmentation or breaking of some bonds in the molecule. The fragmentation occurs predominantly at specific bonds to yield relatively stable fragments.
One type of fragmentation pattern is the cleavage of a single bond in the molecular ion. The cleavage leads to a radical and a cation. The cleavage can occur at...
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)
10:47

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Published on: March 24, 2016

Correlation queries for mass spectrometry imaging.

Frank Suits1, Thomas E Fehniger, Akos Végvári

  • 1IBM T J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States. suits@us.ibm.com

Analytical Chemistry
|March 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new interactive method for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data analysis. It enables the discovery of new ions and their spatial distribution patterns, advancing biological and disease research.

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Published on: November 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)
10:47

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Published on: March 24, 2016

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
09:49

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection

Published on: November 18, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) generates complex, large-scale volumetric data.
  • Current MSI data analysis often focuses on known ions, neglecting vast amounts of unexplored spectral information.
  • Limited tools exist for exploring unknown data to identify novel spatial distribution patterns within tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an interactive approach for comprehensive MSI data exploration.
  • To enable the discovery of new ions of interest based on spatial distribution patterns.
  • To facilitate correlation of discovered ions with biological structures and known analytes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of novel query methods utilizing precalculated data structures for efficient analysis of large MSI datasets.
  • Interactive exploration of the full MSI data volume, not just pre-selected ions.
  • Methods for identifying new m/z values based on similarity to biological structures or known ion distributions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of an interactive approach to query and analyze large MSI datasets on standard hardware.
  • Successful "discovery" of novel m/z values with potentially significant biological correlations.
  • Ability to perform successive queries to correlate newly discovered ions with spatial locations and other ions, aiding in fragmentation analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methods significantly enhance the utility of MSI data by enabling exploration of the full spectral volume.
  • This approach facilitates the discovery of new biomarkers and insights into biological and disease processes.
  • Interactive analysis of MSI data holds great potential for advancing biomedical research.