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Related Experiment Videos

Predicting bioaccumulation potential: a test of a fugacity-based model.

S P Ferraro1, H Lee, R J Ozretich

  • 1U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pacific Division, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon 97365.

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

The accumulation factor model reasonably estimates bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic pollutants in clams (Macoma nasuta) within organically enriched, polluted sediments. Results varied based on sediment organic carbon content.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Marine Biology
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Marine sediments can accumulate diverse organic pollutants.
  • Understanding pollutant bioaccumulation in benthic organisms like clams is crucial for ecological risk assessment.
  • The accumulation factor (AF) model is used to predict pollutant levels in organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of the accumulation factor (AF) model for predicting bioaccumulation of neutral organic compounds in clams (Macoma nasuta).
  • To assess how sediment properties, specifically organic carbon content and pollutant concentration, influence AFs.
  • To determine the bioaccumulation potential of 10 specific organic pollutants in clams exposed to field-contaminated sediments.

Main Methods:

  • Clams (Macoma nasuta) were exposed to six different field-contaminated sediments for 28 days.

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  • Concentrations of 10 organic pollutants in sediment and clam tissues were measured.
  • Accumulation factors (AFs) were calculated for eight neutral organic compounds and two others (DDD, benz[a]anthracene).

    • Main Results:

    • Mean AFs for most neutral organic compounds were consistent across different sediment treatments.
    • AFs were generally lower (<2) and less variable in sediments with high organic carbon (≥3.69%).
    • AFs sometimes exceeded 2 in clams exposed to low-concentration, low-organic carbon sediments, with significant differences noted for DDD and benz[a]anthracene.

    Conclusions:

    • The accumulation factor (AF) model appears to provide reasonable estimates for bioaccumulation of hydrophobic neutral organic compounds in organically enriched, polluted sediments.
    • Sediment organic carbon content significantly influences the variability and magnitude of AFs.
    • The AF model's predictive power may be limited in sediments with low organic carbon and low pollutant concentrations.