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Related Concept Videos

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications

Duodenal UlcersDuodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer disease, presenting with chronic, intermittent epigastric pain. Pain typically appears 2–3 hours after meals, especially when the stomach is empty, often waking patients at night. It is characteristically relieved by food or antacids (“pain–food–relief”). Some patients remain asymptomatic until complications like bleeding or perforation emerge, particularly with NSAID or anticoagulant use.Gastric UlcersGastric ulcers share...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by the development of ulcers in the stomach or duodenal mucosa. Its pathophysiology is complex, involving a balance between damaging and protective elements.
Damaging agents such as Helicobacter pylori, gastric acid, pepsin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can weaken the mucosal defense, allowing hydrogen ions to infiltrate back and harm epithelial cells.
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic ulcer disease develops when protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal mucosa are overwhelmed by harmful factors, leading to localized erosions in the stomach or proximal duodenum. The main causes are Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Helicobacter pylori–Induced InjuryBacterial Adaptation and Colonization:H. pylori is a spiral, Gram-negative bacterium adapted to the acidic stomach. and transmitted through oral-oral or...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
05:07

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Mauriac syndrome still exists.

Joana Dias1, Sofia Martins, Susana Carvalho

  • 1Consulta de Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal. joanamprdias@gmail.com

Endocrinologia Y Nutricion : Organo De La Sociedad Espanola De Endocrinologia Y Nutricion
|April 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Mauriac syndrome (MS), a rare complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), still affects adolescent females despite advances in insulin therapy. Early recognition and improved glycemic control are crucial for managing MS symptoms.

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
05:07

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research

Background:

  • Mauriac syndrome (MS) is a rare complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1).
  • Characterized by hepatomegaly, growth/puberty delay, elevated transaminases, and serum lipids.
  • Less common with modern long-acting insulins, but still present.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe pediatric patients meeting MS diagnostic criteria.
  • Focus on a cohort within a specific pediatric diabetic population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with DM1.
  • Inclusion based on established diagnostic criteria for MS.
  • Data collected from Hospital de Braga.

Main Results:

  • Six patients (5 female, 1 male) diagnosed with MS from 91 DM1 patients (age ≤18).
  • Presentation age 13-17 years, with MS criteria appearing ≥4 years post-DM1 diagnosis.
  • All had poor glycemic control (HbA1c 8.8-12.9%), elevated hepatic enzymes, and dyslipidemia; 5 had hepatomegaly, all females had puberty delay and cushingoid features.

Conclusions:

  • Mauriac syndrome, though historically described, persists in type 1 diabetes patients, especially adolescent females.
  • Awareness is critical as MS features are often reversible with optimized glycemic management.
  • Highlights the ongoing need for vigilant monitoring in pediatric DM1 populations.