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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

Cheyne-stokes breathing and reduced ejection fraction.

Steven McGee1

  • 1General Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA. Steven.McGee@va.gov

The American Journal of Medicine
|April 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cheyne-Stokes breathing in hospitalized patients indicates left ventricular dysfunction but does not predict a worse prognosis. This breathing pattern is found in one-third of patients with significantly reduced ejection fraction (EF).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • The diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB) in identifying left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) remain unclear.
  • Investigating CSB as a potential clinical marker for cardiac conditions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of Cheyne-Stokes breathing as an indicator of left ventricular dysfunction.
  • To determine the prognostic significance of Cheyne-Stokes breathing in hospitalized patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 386 inpatients was studied between 2001 and 2006.
  • Cheyne-Stokes breathing and its cycle length were compared with echocardiographic ejection fraction (EF) and 5-year survival rates.

Main Results:

  • Cheyne-Stokes breathing was identified in 11.7% of patients, independently associated with reduced EF and age over 80.
  • CSB increased the likelihood of markedly reduced EF (EF<40%), particularly in younger patients (≤80 years).
  • The 5-year survival rates were similar for patients with and without CSB.

Conclusions:

  • Cheyne-Stokes breathing is a valuable clinical sign that increases the probability of left ventricular dysfunction in hospitalized individuals.
  • CSB is present in one-third of patients with significantly reduced ejection fraction.
  • The presence of Cheyne-Stokes breathing upon physical examination does not signify a poorer prognosis.