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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback: progress and challenges.

J Sulzer1, S Haller, F Scharnowski

  • 1Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, (ETH), Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland. jamessulzer@gmail.com

Neuroimage
|April 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) neurofeedback is advancing rapidly. This review covers progress, debates, and future directions in rtfMRI neurofeedback applications and mechanisms.

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Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
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Published on: January 20, 2012

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
10:51

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The first international conference on real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) neurofeedback convened in 2012.
  • This marked a significant milestone for the emerging field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the state of rtfMRI neurofeedback following the 2012 conference.
  • To outline current scientific and clinical applications.
  • To discuss learning mechanisms and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of progress and discussions from the 2012 rtfMRI neurofeedback conference.
  • Analysis of study design considerations.
  • Synthesis of expert viewpoints on applications and mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The field of rtfMRI neurofeedback has seen substantial progress.
  • Key debates and open questions were identified.
  • Perspectives on study design, applications, and learning mechanisms were consolidated.

Conclusions:

  • rtfMRI neurofeedback holds significant potential for both scientific research and clinical practice.
  • Further research is needed to refine study designs and understand learning mechanisms.
  • The future outlook for rtfMRI neurofeedback is promising, with ongoing advancements expected.