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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Implications for Interleukin-33 in solid organ transplantation.

Quan Liu1, Hēth R Turnquist

  • 1Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Cytokine
|April 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a versatile cytokine with diverse immune functions. This review explores its roles in immunity, inflammation, and transplantation, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cytokine Biology
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an IL-1 family member initially known for promoting T helper type 2 (Th2) immunity.
  • Emerging research reveals IL-33's multifaceted nature, acting as a transcriptional repressor, alarmin, and a pleiotropic cytokine.
  • IL-33 targets cells expressing its receptor, ST2, influencing various immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on IL-33 immunobiology and its diverse roles.
  • To discuss IL-33's involvement in immune responses to pathogens and immune-mediated diseases.
  • To summarize IL-33's function in alloimmune responses and organ transplantation, particularly in heart, lung, and intestine transplants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on IL-33.
  • Analysis of IL-33's signaling pathways and cellular targets.
  • Examination of IL-33's role in experimental models of immunity and transplantation.

Main Results:

  • IL-33 exhibits pleiotropic effects, promoting both Th2 and type 1 immunity (IFN-γ dominated).
  • It influences innate and adaptive immune cells, including the expansion of regulatory T cells.
  • IL-33 demonstrates beneficial effects in experimental heart transplantation models.

Conclusions:

  • IL-33 is a critical regulator of immune responses with diverse functions beyond Th2 immunity.
  • Its roles in pathogen response, immune pathologies, and transplantation warrant further investigation.
  • Understanding IL-33's complex biology may offer therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases and improve transplant outcomes.