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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).

Acne Infection

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...

Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...

Mutations

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
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Skin Cancer

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Quercitrin protects skin from UVB-induced oxidative damage.

Yuanqin Yin¹, Wenqi Li, Young-Ok Son

¹Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

|April 3, 2013

Summary

Quercitrin, a natural antioxidant, effectively combats skin damage caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. It reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS), protects against DNA damage, and prevents inflammation, offering a potential natural solution for skin health.

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Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Biochemistry
Natural Products Research

Background:

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induces skin damage via oxidative stress, contributing to photoaging and skin cancer.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key mediators of UV-induced skin damage.
Natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are gaining attention for skin cancer chemoprevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the protective effects of quercitrin against UVB-induced oxidative damage in skin.
To evaluate quercitrin's potential as a natural chemopreventive agent for skin conditions related to UVB exposure.

Main Methods:

In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess quercitrin's efficacy.
Measurements included reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, GSH/GSSG ratio), DNA damage, and inflammatory markers.

Main Results:

Quercitrin significantly reduced UVB-induced ROS generation in JB6 cells.
It restored the expression of catalase and the GSH/GSSG ratio, counteracting UVB-induced depletion.
Quercitrin decreased oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis, and protected skin from UVB-induced inflammation.

Conclusions:

Quercitrin exhibits potent antioxidant properties that protect skin from UVB-induced oxidative damage.
It acts by reducing ROS, enhancing antioxidant defenses, and mitigating inflammatory responses.
Quercitrin demonstrates potential as a natural agent for preventing skin damage and associated conditions like skin cancer.