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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
08:14

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

Published on: September 25, 2012

Three different brain tumours evolving from a common origin.

T Forshew1, P Lewis, A Waldman

  • 1Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, London, UK.

Oncogenesis
|April 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic heterogeneity in brain tumors like glioblastoma may explain why targeted therapies fail. This case study highlights unique genetic changes in astrocytoma, glioblastoma, and gliosarcoma from a single patient, emphasizing the need for comprehensive genetic assessment.

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Optimization of High Grade Glioma Cell Culture from Surgical Specimens for Use in Clinically Relevant Animal Models and 3D Immunochemistry
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Optimization of High Grade Glioma Cell Culture from Surgical Specimens for Use in Clinically Relevant Animal Models and 3D Immunochemistry

Published on: January 7, 2014

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
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Imaging Glioma Initiation In Vivo Through a Polished and Reinforced Thin-skull Cranial Window
09:44

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Optimization of High Grade Glioma Cell Culture from Surgical Specimens for Use in Clinically Relevant Animal Models and 3D Immunochemistry
12:25

Optimization of High Grade Glioma Cell Culture from Surgical Specimens for Use in Clinically Relevant Animal Models and 3D Immunochemistry

Published on: January 7, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Cancer Genetics
  • Molecular Pathology

Background:

  • Glioblastoma treatment has seen limited success with molecularly targeted therapies, despite advances in understanding its molecular aberrations.
  • Cancerous brain tumors often exhibit significant genetic diversity, complicating treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic landscape of multiple distinct brain tumors arising from a common origin in a single patient.
  • To explore the role of genetic heterogeneity in treatment resistance for primary brain malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Case report detailing a patient with concurrent astrocytoma, glioblastoma, and gliosarcoma.
  • Comprehensive genetic analysis to identify unique aberrations within each tumor type.
  • Comparative genomic profiling to establish clonal origin and divergence.

Main Results:

  • Genetic analysis confirmed a common clonal origin for all three distinct brain tumors.
  • The glioblastoma component showed PDGFRA amplification.
  • The gliosarcoma component exhibited MYC amplification, distinct from the glioblastoma.

Conclusions:

  • Intratumoral genetic heterogeneity can arise even within tumors originating from a single precursor cell.
  • Unique genetic aberrations in distinct tumor types within a patient may contribute to therapeutic failure.
  • Personalized medicine approaches for brain tumors necessitate comprehensive genetic profiling to address heterogeneity.