Massive hemoptysis in a post-Fontan procedure patient

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pediatric Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology

Background:

• Aortopulmonary collateral vessels (AP collaterals) are common in cyanotic heart disease.
• Massive hemoptysis from AP collaterals is a rare but serious complication.

Observation:

• A 7-year-old girl presented with life-threatening massive hemoptysis.
• The bleeding was attributed to hemorrhage from AP collateral vessels.

Findings:

• Initial hemoptysis control was achieved with non-invasive methods.
• Two cardiac catheterization procedures were performed.
• Multiple AP collateral vessels were successfully coiled to stop the bleeding.

Implications:

• This case demonstrates the effectiveness of interventional cardiology in managing rare, life-threatening hemoptysis in pediatric patients.
• Coiling AP collateral vessels is a viable treatment option for severe hemorrhage in cyanotic heart disease.
• Highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention for massive hemoptysis in this population.