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Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation01:24

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical in identifying potential health issues. One key component of this assessment is palpation, a technique healthcare providers use to assess the body for abnormalities. This content explores the method of palpation in evaluating the respiratory tract, focusing on thoracic palpation and tactile fremitus.
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Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Fentanyl Analog Screening using LC-TIMS-TOF MS/MS
10:13

Fentanyl Analog Screening using LC-TIMS-TOF MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2024

Fentanyl-induced chest wall rigidity.

Başak Çoruh1, Mark R Tonelli1, David R Park1

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.

Chest
|April 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chest wall rigidity is an uncommon complication of fentanyl, a common opiate used for procedural sedation. This condition can occur even with analgesic doses and is reversible with naloxone.

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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Published on: April 7, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Fentanyl Analog Screening using LC-TIMS-TOF MS/MS
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Fentanyl Analog Screening using LC-TIMS-TOF MS/MS

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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
06:22

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Published on: April 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Fentanyl and related opiates are frequently used for procedural sedation and analgesia.
  • Complications associated with these agents are well-documented.
  • Chest wall rigidity is a rare but serious adverse event.

Observation:

  • A case report details a patient experiencing chest wall rigidity and ineffective spontaneous ventilation after fentanyl administration during an elective bronchoscopy.
  • The patient required assisted ventilation, and the condition was successfully reversed with naloxone.
  • This complication, typically noted in pediatric patients or with anesthetic doses, occurred with analgesic fentanyl doses.

Findings:

  • Chest wall rigidity can manifest even with standard analgesic doses of fentanyl and similar compounds.
  • Effective management involves immediate ventilatory support and reversal using naloxone or a short-acting neuromuscular blocking agent.
  • The reaction is not an absolute contraindication for future fentanyl use.

Implications:

  • Bronchoscopists and healthcare providers must be vigilant in recognizing and managing fentanyl-induced chest wall rigidity.
  • Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial for patient safety during procedures involving fentanyl.
  • Understanding this complication ensures continued safe use of fentanyl for procedural sedation and analgesia.