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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance
09:02

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Published on: April 27, 2018

Multimetallic complexes and functionalized nanoparticles based on oxygen- and nitrogen-donor combinations.

Saira Naeem1, Angela Ribes, Andrew J P White

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.

Inorganic Chemistry
|April 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study details the synthesis of novel ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, palladium, platinum, and gold metal complexes. These complexes feature diverse organic ligands and metal-metal bonds, paving the way for advanced materials.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance
09:02

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Published on: April 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The synthesis of multinuclear metal complexes is crucial for developing new materials with unique electronic and catalytic properties.
  • Ligand design plays a pivotal role in controlling the structure and reactivity of metal complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel multinuclear metal complexes incorporating ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, palladium, platinum, and gold.
  • To explore the reactivity of versatile organometallic precursors with various organic ligands.
  • To investigate the formation of metal-metal bonds and their influence on complex properties.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of ruthenium and osmium precursors with isonicotinic acid, 4-cyanobenzoic acid, and 4-(4-pyridyl)benzoic acid under basic conditions.
  • Synthesis of cationic ruthenium complexes using cis-[RuCl2(dppm)2].
  • Formation of trimetallic and tetrametallic compounds through reactions with silver, palladium, and platinum salts.
  • Incorporation of gold into ruthenium complexes via reaction with [Au(C6F5)(tht)].
  • Preparation of rhodium complexes and their subsequent reaction with ruthenium precursors.
  • Synthesis of palladium-porphyrin complexes and their functionalization with ruthenium units.
  • Generation of silver nanoparticles stabilized by ruthenium complexes.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of a diverse range of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, palladium, platinum, and gold complexes with varying nuclearities.
  • Demonstrated the versatility of organometallic precursors in forming multinuclear structures.
  • Characterization of novel trimetallic, tetrametallic, and pentametallic compounds.
  • Formation of functionalized silver nanoparticles stabilized by ruthenium complexes.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully established synthetic routes to a variety of novel multinuclear metal complexes.
  • The results highlight the potential of these complexes in areas such as catalysis and materials science.
  • The developed methods provide a foundation for the design of more complex metallo-supramolecular architectures.