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Related Concept Videos

Problem Solving on Stress and Strain01:22

Problem Solving on Stress and Strain

Stress is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a force that causes deformation, generally defined as internal force per unit area. When forces pull on an object and cause its elongation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. When forces cause the compression of an object, it is known as compressive stress. When an object is being squeezed uniformly from all sides, like a submarine in the depths of the ocean, we call this kind of stress bulk stress (or volume...
Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses01:22

Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses

Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
If...
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Stress-Strain Diagram01:10

Stress-Strain Diagram

A stress-strain diagram is a crucial tool that graphically displays a material's mechanical characteristics. This diagram is derived from a tensile test performed on a carefully prepared cylindrical specimen. The specimen has two gauge marks inscribed on its central part, and the distance between these marks is known as the gauge length. The cylindrical specimen is placed in a testing machine, which applies an increasing centric load. As this load grows, so does the gauge length. This change in...
Stresses under Combined Loadings01:23

Stresses under Combined Loadings

When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...

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Related Experiment Videos

Probabilistic strain optimization under constraint uncertainty.

Mona Yousofshahi1, Michael Orshansky, Kyongbum Lee

  • 1Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.

BMC Systems Biology
|April 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new optimization method to identify reactions for modifying cellular objectives, accounting for uncertainties in reaction activity. The chance-constrained optimization (CCOpt) method demonstrates superior tolerance to variations, improving prediction accuracy in strain optimization.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Engineering
  • Computational Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Strain optimization requires identifying reactions for modification to achieve cellular objectives.
  • Existing computational methods for reaction modification lack explicit handling of implementation uncertainties.
  • This work models uncertainties as probability distributions in reaction flux capacities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel optimization method that accounts for uncertainties in reaction flux capacities.
  • To identify reaction sets for modification that yield desired cellular outcomes with high statistical likelihood.
  • To compare the performance of the new method against existing deterministic and Monte Carlo approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a chance-constrained optimization (CCOpt) method to identify reaction modifications under uncertainty.
  • Compared CCOpt with deterministic optimization (DetOpt) and Monte Carlo-based optimization (MCOpt).
  • Evaluated methods using Monte Carlo Evaluations (MCEval) on CHO cell and adipocyte models.

Main Results:

  • CCOpt intervention sets demonstrated superior tolerance to flux capacity variations compared to DetOpt.
  • MCEval confirmed that CCOpt predictions are probabilistically more likely to be achieved than DetOpt predictions.
  • CCOpt and MCOpt identified similar intervention sets, but MCOpt incurred higher computational costs.

Conclusions:

  • Maximizing tolerance to variable engineering outcomes in enzyme activities identifies intervention sets that statistically improve cellular objectives.
  • The proposed chance-constrained optimization approach offers a robust framework for metabolic engineering under uncertainty.