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Systemic treatment for hereditary cancers: a 2012 update.

Evgeny N Imyanitov¹, Tomasz Byrski

¹Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, St,-Petersburg, 197758, Russia. evgeny@imyanitov.spb.ru.

Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice

|April 4, 2013

Summary

Targeted therapies are revolutionizing hereditary cancer treatment. Novel drugs and agents like PARP inhibitors show significant promise for BRCA1/2-driven cancers and rare familial tumor syndromes.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Genetics
Pharmacology

Background:

Hereditary tumors have a long history of specific therapies, starting with sulindac for familial colon polyps.
Interest in treating hereditary cancers surged in 2009 with findings on cisplatin's efficacy in BRCA1-associated breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in the treatment of hereditary cancers.
To highlight the efficacy of novel therapeutic agents in various inherited cancer syndromes.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical trials and observations.
Analysis of drug efficacy in BRCA1/2-driven malignancies and rare familial tumor syndromes.

Main Results:

Platinating agents and PARP inhibitors are effective in BRCA1/2-driven breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers.
Vandetanib, vismodegib, and everolimus show promise for medullary thyroid cancer, Gorlin syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis, respectively.
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin is a potential option for BRCA1/2-related ovarian cancer post-platinum therapy.

Conclusions:

Targeted therapies have significantly improved outcomes for hereditary cancer patients.
Translational medicine has led to remarkable achievements in hereditary cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.