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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Risk factors for body composition abnormalities in systemic sclerosis.

Thais F Marighela1, Patrícia de S Genaro, Marcelo M Pinheiro

  • 1Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740 3° andar, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil.

Clinical Rheumatology
|April 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, particularly those with diffuse cutaneous disease (dcSSc), exhibit lower body composition and bone mineral density (BMD). Longer disease duration is a key risk factor for sarcopenia in SSc.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Body Composition Analysis
  • Bone Densitometry

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting connective tissues.
  • Abnormalities in body composition (BC) and bone mineral density (BMD) are potential complications in SSc patients.
  • Identifying risk factors for BC and BMD deficits is crucial for managing SSc.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate body composition (BC), bone mineral density (BMD), and food intake in women with SSc compared to controls.
  • To identify primary risk factors associated with BC abnormalities in SSc.
  • To investigate differences in BC and BMD between diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for BMD and BC measurements (lean mass, fat mass, RSMI).
  • 3-day food records to assess energy and nutrient intake.
  • Multivariate analysis to determine risk factors for sarcopenia.

Main Results:

  • SSc patients showed significantly lower BMI, lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), and BMD compared to controls.
  • dcSSc patients exhibited significantly lower BC and BMD than controls, unlike lcSSc patients.
  • Longer disease duration correlated inversely with BMI, LM, and RSMI; it was the sole risk factor for sarcopenia (OR = 1.36).

Conclusions:

  • Women with SSc, especially dcSSc, present with abnormal BC and reduced BMD, independent of dietary intake.
  • Increased disease duration is a significant predictor of sarcopenia in systemic sclerosis.
  • Early identification and management of BC and BMD changes are important in SSc care.