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Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...

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Efficient Generation of Murine Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
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Published on: February 2, 2024

The basic principles of chimeric antigen receptor design.

Michel Sadelain1, Renier Brentjens, Isabelle Rivière

  • 1Center for Cell Engineering, Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. m-sadelain@ski.mskcc.org

Cancer Discovery
|April 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are engineered T-cell receptors for cancer immunotherapy. Second-generation CARs, with costimulatory domains, show clinical benefits in B-cell malignancies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunotherapy
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are engineered receptors combining antigen-binding and T-cell activation.
  • CARs have evolved, with second-generation CARs incorporating costimulatory domains.
  • CARs target various cell surface tumor antigens for therapeutic purposes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the design principles of CARs for cancer immunotherapy.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing T-cell potency, specificity, and safety.
  • To highlight the clinical potential of CARs in treating malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CAR design and function.
  • Analysis of different CAR generations and costimulatory modalities.
  • Examination of clinical outcomes associated with CAR T-cell therapies.

Main Results:

  • Second-generation CARs have demonstrated clinical benefits in patients with CD19-targeted therapies.
  • CARs can be engineered with costimulatory ligands, chimeric costimulatory receptors, or cytokines.
  • These modifications aim to improve T-cell-mediated anti-tumor responses.

Conclusions:

  • CARs represent a promising new class of drugs for cancer immunotherapy.
  • CAR T-cell therapy has shown encouraging clinical outcomes in B-cell malignancies.
  • Optimizing CAR design and costimulatory support is crucial for enhancing therapeutic efficacy.