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High-Throughput Assays of Critical Thermal Limits in Insects

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Published on: June 15, 2020

Temperature-size relations from the cellular-genomic perspective.

Dag O Hessen¹, Martin Daufresne, Hans P Leinaas

¹Department of Biology, University of Oslo, CEES, PO Box 1066 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway. dag.hessen@bio.uio.no

Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society

|April 5, 2013

Summary

Global warming may shrink organisms as colder temperatures promote larger body and cell sizes. This study explores how temperature influences genome size, impacting cell size and potentially leading to speciation.

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Evolutionary Biology
Genomics

Background:

Temperature-size rules predict larger ectotherm body size in colder environments.
Global warming poses a risk of size reduction across ecological levels, from cells to food webs.
Cell size is linked to genome size, growth rate, and metabolic activity, with unclear causal relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the 'bottom-up' perspective of temperature-size rules, focusing on temperature's effect on genome size.
To explore how temperature-induced cell size changes influence genome size and vice-versa.
To discuss evolutionary drivers and develop a unifying theory for temperature-driven biological responses.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on temperature-size rules and cellular/genomic responses.
Analysis of the interplay between temperature, genome size, cell size, and body size in metazoans.
Comparative discussion of aquatic versus terrestrial evolutionary drivers.

Main Results:

Temperature can induce changes in genome size, consequently affecting cell and body size.
A potential mechanism involves maintaining a constant genome-size to cell-volume ratio.
Temperature-driven genome size changes may accelerate speciation through altered life-cycle events.

Conclusions:

Temperature-size rules have a genomic basis, with temperature influencing genome size and thus body size.
Understanding these genomic responses is crucial for predicting ecological shifts due to climate change.
A unifying genomic perspective offers novel insights into biological adaptation to temperature variations.