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Updated: May 12, 2026

Quantifying Replication Stress in Ovarian Cancer Cells Using Single-Stranded DNA Immunofluorescence
Published on: February 10, 2023
Transcription-replication encounters, consequences and genomic instability
Anne Helmrich1, Monica Ballarino, Evgeny Nudler
1Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
Abstract:
To ensure accurate duplication of genetic material, the replication fork must overcome numerous natural obstacles on its way, including transcription complexes engaged along the same template. Here we review the various levels of interdependence between transcription and replication processes and how different types of encounters between RNA- and DNA-polymerase complexes may result in clashes of those machineries on the DNA template and thus increase genomic instability. In addition, we summarize strategies evolved in bacteria and eukaryotes to minimize the consequences of collisions, including R-loop formation and topological stresses.
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