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Retinal detachment in paediatric patients
Saemah Nuzhat Zafar1, Nadeem Qureshi, Nadia Azad
1Department of Ophthalmology, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi. saemahsaqib@yahoo.co.uk
Insights
In pediatric retinal detachment, myopia and trauma are leading causes. Pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckle are the most common surgical interventions for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retina and Vitreous Surgery
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
Background:
- Retinal detachment (RD) in children presents unique challenges compared to adults.
- Understanding the etiology and surgical management of pediatric RD is crucial for visual prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the primary causes of retinal detachment in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate the surgical procedures employed for treating retinal detachment in children.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case series was conducted from January 2006 to May 2009.
- Data from 281 eyes of 258 pediatric patients (aged 0-18 years) undergoing vitreoretinal surgery were analyzed.
- Surgical logs were reviewed to determine RD types, causes, and interventions, including vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and tamponades.
Main Results:
- Myopia (22.1%) and trauma (18.1%) were the most frequent causes of retinal detachment.
- Total retinal detachment occurred in 33.5% of cases, followed by recurrent RD (11.4%) and giant retinal tears (10%).
- Pars plana vitrectomy (56.6%) and scleral buckle (45.9%) were the predominant surgical techniques, with silicone oil used in 53% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Myopia and trauma are the most common etiologies for retinal detachment in the pediatric population.
- Total retinal detachment is the most prevalent type encountered.
- Pars plana vitrectomy is the most frequently utilized surgical procedure, followed by scleral buckle surgery.
Objective:
To assess the causes of retinal detachment in children and the various operative procedures requiring vitreoretinal surgical intervention for the same.
Study Design:
Case series.
Place And Duration Of Study:
Department of Ophthalmology, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, from January 2006 to May 2009.
Methodology:
A total of 281 eyes of 258 patients, (aged 0-18 years) who underwent vitreo-retinal surgical intervention for retinal detachment were included. Surgical log was searched for the type of retinal detachment and its causes. Frequencies of various interventions done in these patients viz. vitrectomy, scleral buckle, use of tamponading agents, laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy were noted. Results were described as descriptive statistics.
Results:
Myopia was the cause in 62 (22.1%) and trauma in 51 (18.1%) of the eyes. Total retinal detachment (RD) was treated in 94 (33.5%) eyes, sub total RD in 36 (12.8%), recurrent RD in 32 (11.4%), giant retinal tear in 28 (10%), tractional RD in 15 (5.3%) and exudative RD in 2 (0.7%). Prophylactic laser or cryotherapy was applied in 74 (26.3%) of the eyes. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was carried out in 159 (56.6%) eyes while scleral buckle procedure was done in 129 (45.9%) eyes. Silicon oil was used in 149 (53%), perfluorocarbon liquid in 32 (11.4%) and gas tamponade in 20 (7.1%) eyes.
Conclusion:
The most common cause of retinal detachment in paediatric patients was myopia, followed by trauma. Total RD was more common as compared to the other types. The most common procedure adopted was pars plana vitrectomy followed by scleral buckle procedure.
