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Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
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Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Cancer Survival Analysis

Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
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E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

[Effect of Evidence-Based Risk Information on "Informed Choice" in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Randomised Controlled

A Steckelberg1, B Haastert2, C Hülfenhaus1

  • 1Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg.

Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband Der Arzte Des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))
|April 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Providing evidence-based information significantly boosts informed choices for colorectal cancer screening. This study demonstrates a substantial improvement in decision-making when participants receive comprehensive, evidence-based data compared to standard information.

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Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk and Prevalence by Stool DNA Integrity Detection
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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

E-Patient Counseling Trial (E-PACO): Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
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Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk and Prevalence by Stool DNA Integrity Detection
07:35

Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk and Prevalence by Stool DNA Integrity Detection

Published on: June 8, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Communication
  • Medical Decision Making

Background:

  • Informed choice is crucial for effective health interventions.
  • Colorectal cancer screening is vital for early detection and improved outcomes.
  • Standard health information may not adequately support informed decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the impact of evidence-based information versus standard information on informed choice for colorectal cancer screening.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different information formats in promoting informed decision-making among the general population.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 1,577 participants insured by a German statutory health insurance scheme (Gmünder Ersatzkasse - GEK).
  • Participants were randomized to receive either evidence-based information or standard information regarding colorectal cancer screening.
  • The primary endpoint measured was the level of informed choice achieved by participants.

Main Results:

  • Evidence-based information significantly increased informed choices compared to standard information (44.0% vs. 12.8%).
  • The difference in informed choices was statistically significant (31.2%, 99% CI 25.7-36.7%; P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-based information is a superior method for enhancing informed choice in colorectal cancer screening.
  • Implementing evidence-based information strategies can improve patient engagement and decision-making in cancer screening programs.