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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Within-lesion differences in quantitative MRI parameters predict contrast enhancement in multiple sclerosis.

Alina Jurcoane1, Marlies Wagner, Christoph Schmidt

  • 1Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|April 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative MRI measures like T1, PD, and MTR can predict contrast enhancement in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, indicating blood-brain barrier damage.

Keywords:
T1 mappingblood brain barriermagnetization transfer ratiomultiple sclerosisproton densityquantitative magnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (qMRI)
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Contrast enhancement in MS lesions on MRI often signifies active inflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption.
  • Understanding the pre-contrast MRI characteristics of enhancing lesions is crucial for disease assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between quantitative MRI (qMRI) parameters and contrast enhancement in MS lesions.
  • To compare T1 relaxation time, proton density (PD), and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in enhancing versus non-enhancing MS lesions.
  • To determine if pre-contrast qMRI can predict contrast enhancement, a marker of BBB damage.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 15 progressive MS (PMS) patients, and 17 controls underwent 3T MRI.
  • T1, PD, and MTR maps were acquired, with T1-mapping repeated post-contrast agent (CA).
  • Lesions were classified as enhancing based on post-CA T1 shortening relative to normal-appearing white matter (NAWM).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in pre-contrast T1, PD, and MTR were found between enhancing and non-enhancing lesions in both RRMS and PMS patients (P < 0.01).
  • Progressive MS (PMS) patients showed distinct PD in NAWM and lesions, and MTR/T1 in gray matter compared to RRMS patients and controls.
  • Magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) of gray matter was the only parameter differing between RRMS patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-contrast quantitative MRI abnormalities in T1, PD, and MTR can predict contrast enhancement in MS lesions.
  • Contrast enhancement in MS lesions likely reflects blood-brain barrier damage.
  • qMRI offers potential for characterizing lesion activity and BBB integrity in MS without contrast agents.