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Bacterial meningitis in the newborn: a Kuwaiti experience
M Zaki1, A S Daoud, Q al Saleh
1Department of Paediatrics, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait.
Abstract:
Forty-five neonates with bacterial meningitis admitted to a regional hospital in Kuwait over a 5-year period are reported. The attack rate was 6.7/10,000 live births. Listeria monocytogenes was the most common bacteria isolated (31 per cent), followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (15 per cent), and Escherichia coli (11 per cent). Gram negative pathogens constituted 38 per cent of the total. Ten patients died (22 per cent) and 10 (28 per cent of the survivors) developed severe neurological sequelae.
Insights
Bacterial meningitis in neonates is a serious concern in Kuwait, with Listeria monocytogenes being the most frequent cause. This study highlights significant mortality and severe neurological outcomes in affected infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal infectious diseases
- Pediatric neurology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Bacterial meningitis poses a significant threat to neonates worldwide.
- Understanding regional epidemiology is crucial for effective public health strategies.
- Kuwait's specific challenges with neonatal bacterial meningitis require detailed investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence, causative pathogens, and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in neonates admitted to a Kuwaiti regional hospital.
- To identify the most prevalent bacterial agents responsible for neonatal meningitis in the region.
- To determine the mortality rate and the incidence of severe neurological sequelae among affected neonates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 45 neonates diagnosed with bacterial meningitis over a 5-year period.
- Identification of causative bacteria through laboratory isolation and characterization.
- Assessment of patient outcomes, including mortality and neurological complications.
Main Results:
- An attack rate of 6.7 per 10,000 live births was recorded.
- Listeria monocytogenes was the predominant pathogen (31%), followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (15%) and Escherichia coli (11%).
- Gram-negative pathogens accounted for 38% of infections; 22% of patients died, and 28% of survivors had severe neurological sequelae.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal bacterial meningitis in Kuwait is primarily caused by Listeria monocytogenes and other Gram-negative pathogens.
- The condition is associated with high mortality and a substantial risk of severe long-term neurological impairment.
- Effective prevention and treatment strategies targeting these specific pathogens are urgently needed.