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Imaging the Intracellular Trafficking of APP with Photoactivatable GFP
07:55

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Published on: October 17, 2015

Amyloid precursor protein controls cholesterol turnover needed for neuronal activity.

Nathalie Pierrot1, Donatienne Tyteca, Ludovic D'auria

  • 1Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium.

EMBO Molecular Medicine
|April 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) regulates neuronal cholesterol metabolism. APP

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Lipid metabolism is crucial in Alzheimer disease progression.
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) processing is linked to cholesterol homeostasis.
  • APP fragments and cholesterol levels influence each other.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how full-length APP expression affects neuronal lipid metabolism.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms linking APP and cholesterol biosynthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated effects of APP up/down regulation on HMGCR and SREBP mRNA levels.
  • Utilized co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization assays to study APP and SREBP1 interaction.
  • Examined the role of a specific GXXXG motif in APP.
  • Assessed cholesterol turnover and neuronal activity in response to APP modulation.

Main Results:

  • APP expression reduced HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR)-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis and SREBP mRNA levels.
  • APP and SREBP1 co-immunoprecipitated and co-localized in the Golgi, inhibiting SREBP1 processing.
  • A GXXXG motif in APP was critical for HMGCR regulation.
  • Neuronal APP expression decreased HMGCR and cholesterol 24-hydroxylase mRNA, reducing cholesterol turnover and neuronal activity.
  • APP did not interact with SREBP1 or affect cholesterol biosynthesis in astrocytes.

Conclusions:

  • APP controls cholesterol turnover essential for neuronal activity.
  • APP directly regulates cholesterol biosynthesis pathways in neurons.
  • This interaction impacts SREBP1 processing and gene transcription.