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11:13
Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Published on: November 21, 2019
Primary aortic infections and infected aneurysms.
1Senior Consultant Vascular Surgeon, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India, President, Vascular Society of India.
Annals of Vascular Diseases
|April 5, 2013
Summary
Primary aortic infections and infected aortic aneurysms are rare but life-threatening bacterial conditions. Prompt antibiotics and aggressive surgery, including aneurysm excision and aortic reconstruction, are crucial for survival.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Primary infections of the aorta and infected aortic aneurysms are rare, life-threatening conditions.
- Bacterial infection typically arises from atheromatous plaques or pre-existing aneurysms during bacteremia.
- Hospital mortality rates range significantly from 16-44%.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the etiology, treatment, and outcomes of primary aortic infections and infected aortic aneurysms.
- To highlight the increasing role of Gram-negative bacilli in aortic infections.
- To emphasize the importance of combined antibiotic and surgical management.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on primary aortic infections and infected aortic aneurysms.
- Analysis of causative organisms, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes.
- Comparison of mortality rates based on bacterial type and aneurysm location.
Main Results:
- Gram-positive bacteria remain common, but Gram-negative bacilli are increasingly implicated.
- Gram-negative infections are associated with higher mortality, often involving suprarenal aneurysms and increased rupture risk.
- Optimal treatment involves aggressive surgical excision, in situ aortic reconstruction, and appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions:
- Effective management requires prompt diagnosis, appropriate antibiotics, and aggressive surgical intervention.
- In situ reconstruction of the aorta is the preferred surgical approach.
- Long-term antibiotic therapy is essential to prevent reinfection, with high mortality noted for emergency operations, advanced age, and non-Salmonella infections.
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