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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
12:23

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

Urticaria multiforme.

Jason J Emer1, Sebastian G Bernardo, Olga Kovalerchik

  • 1Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, New York, New York;

The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology
|April 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urticaria multiforme is a rare pediatric skin condition presenting as transient wheals. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to differentiate it from similar conditions like erythema multiforme, ensuring proper patient care.

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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Urticaria multiforme is a benign hypersensitivity reaction in children.
  • It presents with characteristic blanchable, annular wheals and acral edema.
  • Common misdiagnoses include erythema multiforme, serum-sickness-like reaction, and urticarial vasculitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the distinct clinical features of urticaria multiforme.
  • To emphasize the importance of differentiating it from other dermatological conditions.
  • To guide accurate diagnosis and management in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a four-year-old girl with urticaria multiforme.
  • Detailed description of clinical presentation and morphological manifestations.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic differentiation through history and physical examination.

Main Results:

  • The case illustrates the unique presentation of urticaria multiforme.
  • Distinguishing it from mimics like erythema multiforme is vital for appropriate care.
  • Clinical assessment can avoid unnecessary investigations.

Conclusions:

  • Urticaria multiforme requires careful clinical evaluation to distinguish from other conditions.
  • Accurate diagnosis leads to optimized patient management and avoids unnecessary procedures.
  • Recognizing this rare pediatric dermatosis is key for effective treatment.