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[Tracheal dimensions in young twins].

Y Kawakami1, M Nishimura, H Kusaka

  • 1First Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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Genetic factors influence tracheal dimensions, particularly width, in adolescent males. Tracheal width varies between individuals, with some aspects showing heritable traits and extrathoracic width increasing during deep breaths.

Area of Science:

  • Thoracic anatomy
  • Twin studies
  • Radiographic analysis

Background:

  • Understanding the variability in human tracheal dimensions is crucial for diagnosing respiratory conditions.
  • Twin studies offer a unique model to disentangle genetic and environmental influences on anatomical traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic and interindividual variability of tracheal dimensions in adolescent males.
  • To determine if tracheal width is influenced by genetic factors and breathing mechanics.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic analysis of tracheal dimensions (width, depth, length, cross-sectional area) in 17 pairs of healthy adolescent male twins (12 monozygotic, 5 dizygotic).
  • Measurement of both intrathoracic and extrathoracic tracheal segments during maximal inspiration and expiration.

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Main Results:

  • Coefficients of variation for tracheal dimensions ranged from 9.6% to 17.3%, indicating significant interindividual differences.
  • Genetic influence was identified in both intrathoracic and extrathoracic tracheal widths at maximal expiration, and extrathoracic width at maximal inspiration.
  • Intrathoracic tracheal width remained consistent between maximal inspiration and expiration, while extrathoracic width increased significantly during maximal inspiration.

Conclusions:

  • Tracheal ring morphology and dimensions are likely influenced by genetic factors.
  • Extrathoracic tracheal width demonstrates adaptability during maximal inspiration, independent of significant pleural pressure changes.