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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Selectins

Selectins

Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...

Adherens Junctions

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE). Of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Quantitation of Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness In Vitro

Quantitation of Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness In Vitro

Published on: June 18, 2015

Adhesion molecules, endothelin-1 and lung function in seven population-based cohorts.

E C Oelsner¹, T D Pottinger, K M Burkart

¹Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. eco7@columbia.edu

Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals

|April 6, 2013

Summary

Endothelial dysfunction markers like ICAM-1 and P-selectin show inverse associations with FEV1 in COPD patients, but these links may not be causal. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between endothelial biomarkers and lung function.

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Harvest of Endothelial Cells from the Balloon Tips of Swan-Ganz Catheters after Right Heart Catheterization

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Quantitation of Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness In Vitro

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Published on: June 18, 2015

Quantitative In vitro Assay to Measure Neutrophil Adhesion to Activated Primary Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells under Static Conditions

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Harvest of Endothelial Cells from the Balloon Tips of Swan-Ganz Catheters after Right Heart Catheterization

Harvest of Endothelial Cells from the Balloon Tips of Swan-Ganz Catheters after Right Heart Catheterization

Published on: January 23, 2019

Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Cardiovascular Research
Genetics

Background:

Endothelial dysfunction is a known characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The causal role of endothelial dysfunction in the development or progression of COPD remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between specific endothelial biomarkers and FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second).
To utilize instrumental variable analysis to explore potential causal relationships between endothelial biomarkers and FEV1.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from 26,907 participants with spirometry measurements.
Measurement of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), P-selectin, E-selectin, and endothelin-1 in subsets of participants.
Application of instrumental variable methods to assess causality.

Main Results:

Inverse associations were observed between ICAM-1, P-selectin, and FEV1 in European-Americans.
Endothelin-1 showed an inverse association with FEV1 in African-Americans.
Genetically-informed analyses did not support a causal link between ICAM-1, P-selectin, and FEV1.

Conclusions:

While ICAM-1, P-selectin, and endothelin-1 are associated with reduced FEV1, the associations for ICAM-1 and P-selectin do not appear to be causal.
The findings suggest that endothelial dysfunction may be a consequence rather than a cause of COPD in some cases.