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Updated: May 12, 2026

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Exfoliation of Egyptian Blue and Han Blue, Two Alkali Earth Copper Silicate-based Pigments
Published on: April 24, 2014
Anatase: important industrial white pigment and date-marker for artwork
1Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
Abstract:
Barium sulfate, BaSO4, is shown by Raman microscopy to be readily identifiable in early (1920s) industrially produced anatase (TiO2) and thus, if present, may act as a date marker for early industrial anatase. Later processes (except that for producing Titanox B) did not involve usage of barium sulfate. The matter is relevant to the possible dating of certain artwork.

