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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...

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Updated: May 12, 2026

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
06:26

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection

Published on: March 28, 2025

[Aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection: epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnostics].

F Baumann1, V Makaloski, N Diehm

  • 1Schweizerisches Herz- und Gefässzentrum, Abteilung für Klinische und Interventionelle Angiologie, Inselspital, Universität Bern, Freiburgstr., 3010 Bern, Schweiz.

Der Internist
|April 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection pose significant health risks. Ruptured aortic aneurysms have high mortality, while thoracic aortic aneurysms are increasingly common.

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An Approach to Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Evaluation of the Abdominal Aorta
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An Approach to Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Evaluation of the Abdominal Aorta

Published on: September 8, 2023

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
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Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection

Published on: March 28, 2025

An Approach to Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Evaluation of the Abdominal Aorta
07:12

An Approach to Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Evaluation of the Abdominal Aorta

Published on: September 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Context:

  • Aortic aneurysms and dissections are major health concerns, influenced by demographics and lifestyle.
  • Mortality from ruptured aortic aneurysms is high (up to 80%), with varying prevalence based on location.
  • While infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm prevalence may decrease, thoracic aortic aneurysm incidence is rising.

Purpose:

  • To review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, and clinical presentation of aortic aneurysms and dissections.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and imaging modalities for these conditions.
  • To underscore the importance of understanding these aortic diseases for timely intervention.

Summary:

  • Aortic aneurysms result from degenerative, proteolytic, and inflammatory processes, while dissections involve intimal tears leading to aortic wall separation.
  • Key risk factors include nicotine abuse, hypertension, age, and male gender. Genetic disorders like Marfan syndrome also predispose individuals.
  • Aortic dissections often present with sudden, severe pain, and diagnosis relies heavily on imaging, particularly computed tomography.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of aortic aneurysm and dissection pathogenesis and risk factors.
  • Enhanced diagnostic strategies utilizing advanced imaging techniques.
  • Potential for earlier detection and improved patient outcomes for acute aortic diseases.