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Related Concept Videos

Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments01:18

Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments

Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate with other similar filaments to form rigid structures. Microfilaments, made of actin monomers, rely on actin-binding proteins to form bundles and create networks of individual actin filaments. Microtubules rely on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to form sturdy cylindrical structures. However, the proteins involved in forming complex...
Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Manipulating Living Cells to Construct Stable 3D Cellular Assembly Without Artificial Scaffold
07:09

Manipulating Living Cells to Construct Stable 3D Cellular Assembly Without Artificial Scaffold

Published on: October 26, 2018

A review of cell assemblies.

Christian R Huyck1, Peter J Passmore

  • 1Middlesex University, London, UK. c.huyck@mdx.ac.uk

Biological Cybernetics
|April 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cell assemblies (CAs) are groups of neurons that sustain activation and are the likely neural basis for psychological concepts. Research strongly supports their existence and function in memory and categorization tasks.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Cell assemblies (CAs) are hypothesized neural networks believed to underpin psychological concepts.
  • Evidence from single-unit recordings supports the existence of CAs with self-sustaining activation and synchronous firing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence supporting the existence and properties of cell assemblies.
  • To introduce a broad model of CAs encompassing various neural network structures.
  • To highlight the interdisciplinary nature of CA research and identify open questions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cell assemblies.
  • Analysis of evidence from single-unit recordings and other neurophysiological techniques.

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Assembly, Loading, and Alignment of an Analytical Ultracentrifuge Sample Cell
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Assembly, Loading, and Alignment of an Analytical Ultracentrifuge Sample Cell

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Manipulating Living Cells to Construct Stable 3D Cellular Assembly Without Artificial Scaffold
07:09

Manipulating Living Cells to Construct Stable 3D Cellular Assembly Without Artificial Scaffold

Published on: October 26, 2018

Three-Dimensional Acoustic Assembly Device for Mass Manufacturing of Cell Spheroids
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Three-Dimensional Acoustic Assembly Device for Mass Manufacturing of Cell Spheroids

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Assembly, Loading, and Alignment of an Analytical Ultracentrifuge Sample Cell
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Assembly, Loading, and Alignment of an Analytical Ultracentrifuge Sample Cell

Published on: November 5, 2009

  • Introduction of a conceptual model for cell assemblies.

    • Main Results:

    • Extensive evidence supports the existence of CAs with properties of sustained activation and synchronous neural firing.
    • CAs are found in cortical and sub-cortical areas, involved in categorization, short-term, long-term, and working memory.
    • A broad model is proposed, including synfire chains but excluding holographic reduced representations.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell assemblies are strongly supported as a fundamental neural mechanism for cognitive functions.
    • While CAs are implicated in many psychological tasks, evidence is insufficient to claim they are the basis of all concepts.
    • Further research is needed for more formal models linked to neuropsychological data, addressing questions on memory persistence and brain wave interactions.