Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2026
09:45
A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents
Published on: November 12, 2016
Structurally defined allyl compounds of main group metals: coordination and reactivity
Crispin Lichtenberg1, Jun Okuda
1Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|April 9, 2013
Summary
Organometallic allyl compounds are crucial in synthesis and materials science. Recent advances in main group metal allyl complexes offer new insights into their bonding and reactivity.
Area of Science:
- Organometallic Chemistry
- Main Group Chemistry
- Allyl Complexes
Background:
- Organometallic allyl compounds are vital in organic synthesis, catalysis, and materials science.
- The allyl chemistry of transition metals and lanthanoids is well-established.
- Main group metal allyl chemistry has historically lagged behind.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in main group metal allyl complexes.
- To elucidate the fundamental metal-allyl bonding interactions.
- To rationalize reactivity trends and uncover novel allyl-specific reactivity patterns.
Main Methods:
- Fundamental understanding of metal-allyl bonding in solution and solid state.
- Exploitation of diverse metal-allyl bonding types (ionic to covalent).
- Investigation of synergistic effects in heterobimetallic compounds.
- Adjustment of Lewis acidity through charge variation of allyl compounds.
Main Results:
- A more complete picture of main group metal allyl chemistry has emerged.
- Key features include varied metal-allyl bonding, synergistic effects, and tunable Lewis acidity.
- New allyl-specific reactivity patterns have been uncovered.
Conclusions:
- Recent progress has significantly advanced the understanding of main group metal allyl complexes.
- The study highlights the importance of fundamental bonding principles in predicting reactivity.
- This work opens avenues for new applications in synthesis and materials science.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:23Properties of Organometallic Compounds
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
02:54Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
02:34Structural Isomerism
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
01:09Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
01:18π Molecular Orbitals of the Allyl Cation and Anion
An allyl group is a three-carbon conjugated system where the sp³-hybridized allylic carbon is bonded to a CH=CH2 group via a single bond. Allyl anions can be obtained by treating propene with a strong base that can deprotonate methyl groups. Allyl cations are formed as intermediates during substitution reactions involving allylic halides. In both cases, the hybridization of the allylic carbon changes from sp3 to sp2, giving rise to a carbon chain with three sp2-hybridized carbons, each with an...