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Related Concept Videos

Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Environmental Influences on Intelligence01:29

Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children from...

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Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
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Understanding the science-learning environment: A genetically sensitive approach.

Claire M A Haworth1, Oliver S P Davis, Ken B Hanscombe

  • 1King's College London, Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, United Kingdom.

Learning and Individual Differences
|April 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors significantly influence the school science learning environment and academic performance. Most of the association between the learning environment and science outcomes is due to shared genes, not shared experiences.

Keywords:
Behavioural geneticsGene–environment correlationLearning environmentsScience abilityTwins

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Science Education

Background:

  • Environmental influences on academic performance grow from primary to secondary school.
  • The etiology of the link between the science-learning environment and science performance is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic and environmental links between the science-learning environment and science performance.
  • To examine the etiology of the relationship between the science-learning environment and science outcomes using a genetically sensitive approach.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 3000 pairs of 14-year-old twins in the UK Twins Early Development Study.
  • Assessed the science-learning environment through self-report and science performance via a web-based scientific enquiry test.
  • Employed multivariate twin analyses to dissect genetic and environmental influences.

Main Results:

  • The science-learning environment showed substantial heritability (43%), comparable to science performance (50%).
  • Shared environmental influences on the science-learning environment were negligible (3%).
  • Genetic links accounted for the majority (56%) of the association between the learning environment and science performance, suggesting gene-environment correlation.

Conclusions:

  • The science-learning environment is significantly heritable, indicating a strong genetic component.
  • Gene-environment correlation plays a crucial role in linking the science-learning environment to science performance.
  • Future research should consider the interplay of genetic factors in shaping students' science learning experiences and outcomes.