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Damaged Self-Esteem is Associated with Internalizing Problems.

Daan H M Creemers1, Ron H J Scholte, Rutger C M E Engels

  • 1Mental Health Care Institute GGZ Oost-Brabant, Veghel, Netherlands ; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Psychology
|April 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Discrepancies between implicit and explicit self-esteem are linked to psychological distress. Damaged self-esteem, characterized by high implicit and low explicit self-esteem, strongly predicts depression, suicidal thoughts, and loneliness in young women.

Keywords:
damageddepressionimplicit cognitionlonelinessself-esteemsuicidal ideation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Implicit and explicit self-esteem are crucial for understanding psychological well-being.
  • Discrepancies in self-esteem may contribute to mental health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between implicit and explicit self-esteem.
  • To examine the interaction of self-esteem discrepancies with depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and loneliness.
  • To determine the impact of the direction of self-esteem discrepancies on psychological problems.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 95 young adult women from higher education institutions.
  • Implicit self-esteem was measured using the Implicit Association Test (IAT).
  • Explicit self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; psychological problems were self-reported.

Main Results:

  • Significant positive associations were found between self-esteem discrepancies and depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and loneliness.
  • Damaged self-esteem (high implicit, low explicit) was consistently linked to higher levels of these psychological issues.
  • Defensive self-esteem (low implicit, high explicit) was primarily associated with loneliness.

Conclusions:

  • Self-esteem discrepancies, particularly the 'damaged' type, serve as a significant vulnerability marker.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering both implicit and explicit self-esteem in mental health assessments.
  • Targeting self-esteem imbalances could be a key strategy in preventing and treating psychological distress.