Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2026
07:20
Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Xiaoyao Pills in The Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
Published on: August 23, 2024
Postmenopausal osteoporosis: Our experience.
R N Mehrotra1, Alok Ranjan, Rahul Lath
1Department of Endocrinology, Neursosurgery, Apollo Hospital, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, AP, India.
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|April 9, 2013
Summary
Osteoporosis treatment in our country shows younger postmenopausal women are affected, often with Vitamin D deficiency. Oral bisphosphonates are common, well-tolerated, and effective for managing bone density.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Rheumatology
- Geriatrics
Background:
- Limited published data exists on osteoporosis treatment experiences within our country.
- Osteoporosis significantly impacts postmenopausal women, necessitating effective management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the initial patient cohort undergoing osteoporosis treatment in our clinic.
- To evaluate treatment patterns, patient demographics, and outcomes for osteoporosis management.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 50 osteoporosis patients meeting specific diagnostic criteria (T-score < -2.5 or fragility fracture).
- Exclusion criteria included hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, myeloma, and long-term steroid use.
- Data collected included demographics, fracture history, Vitamin D levels, treatment modalities, and bone mineral density (BMD) changes.
Main Results:
- 34% of patients were under 60, with 47% between 60-70 years.
- 86% exhibited Vitamin D deficiency; 20% had prior fractures.
- Oral bisphosphonates were used in 80% of patients, showing significant BMD improvement in 68% and stability in 24%.
Conclusions:
- Postmenopausal osteoporosis affects younger women in our population, frequently associated with Vitamin D deficiency.
- Oral bisphosphonates are the predominant treatment, demonstrating good tolerability and efficacy in improving bone mineral density.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Menopause
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
01:29Bone Disorders
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:40Bone Remodeling
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
01:31Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
02:07Oogenesis
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
01:30Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...