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Updated: May 12, 2026
Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants
Published on: March 1, 2013
The immunotoxicity of graphene oxides and the effect of PVP-coating
Xiao Zhi1, Hongliang Fang, Chenchen Bao
1Department of Bio-Nano Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Institute of Micro/Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic China.
Abstract:
Graphene oxide (GO) immunotoxicity is not clarified well up to date. Herein we reported the effects of GOs with and without polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coating on human immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), T lymphocytes and macrophages. Human immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), T lymphocytes and macrophages were isolated from health donated bloods, PVP-coating GO (PVP-GO) exhibited lower immunogenicity compared with pure GO on the aspect of inducing differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), the levels of secreted TNF-α and IL-1β had no obvious difference between two groups, yet the secretion of IL-6 remained in PVP-coating GO group. In addition, PVP-coating GO delayed significantly the apoptotic process of T lymphocytes, at the same time, and exhibited anti-phagocytosis ability against macrophages and markedly enhanced the physiological activity of macrophages. In conclusion, PVP-coating GO possesses good immunological biocompatibility and immunoenhancement effects in vitro, and is likely to be an available candidate of immunoadjuvant in the future.
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