Modeling uncertainty in risk assessment: an integrated approach with fuzzy set theory and Monte Carlo simulation

Modeling uncertainty during risk assessment is a vital component for effective decision making. Unfortunately, most of the risk assessment studies suffer from uncertainty analysis. The development of tools and techniques for capturing uncertainty in risk assessment is ongoing and there has been a substantial growth in this respect in health risk assessment. In this study, the cross-disciplinary approaches for uncertainty analyses are identified and a modified approach suitable for industrial safety risk assessment is proposed using fuzzy set theory and Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed method is applied to a benzene extraction unit (BEU) of a chemical plant. The case study results show that the proposed method provides better measure of uncertainty than the existing methods as unlike traditional risk analysis method this approach takes into account both variability and uncertainty of information into risk calculation, and instead of a single risk value this approach provides interval value of risk values for a given percentile of risk. The implications of these results in terms of risk control and regulatory compliances are also discussed.