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Related Experiment Video

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Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles

Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles

Published on: December 31, 2019

Autotransporter secretion: varying on a theme.

Jan Grijpstra¹, Jesús Arenas, Lucy Rutten

¹Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.grijpstra@uu.nl

Research in Microbiology

|April 10, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Autotransporters are key virulence factors in Gram-negative bacteria, transported across membranes via specific machinery. This review details their biogenesis, structure, and diverse functions.

Keywords:

Autotransporter Bam complex Chaperone Outer membrane Protein secretion

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Molecular Biology
Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

Autotransporters are abundant in Gram-negative bacteria.
They play crucial roles in bacterial virulence.
Their functions are diverse, ranging from adhesion to enzyme secretion.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current knowledge on autotransporter biogenesis, structure, and function.
To categorize autotransporters based on structural features.
To highlight their significance in bacterial cell surface display and extracellular functions.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on autotransporter proteins.
Analysis of autotransporter biogenesis pathways, including Sec and Bam machinery.
Classification of autotransporters based on translocator domain size and passenger linkage.

Main Results:

Autotransporters are synthesized as precursors requiring inner and outer membrane transport.
The translocator domain forms a beta-barrel structure, essential for outer membrane insertion via the Bam machinery.
Autotransporters are classified into four sub-categories based on structural characteristics.

Conclusions:

Autotransporters are versatile protein secretion systems in Gram-negative bacteria.
Understanding their structure and biogenesis is key to deciphering their roles in virulence.
Further research into autotransporter diversity can reveal novel therapeutic targets.